Breaktru Forum

eCigarette Forum => Modding => Simplified Electronics => Topic started by: Breaktru on February 18, 2012, 10:20:51 AM

Title: Easy Tutorials
Post by: Breaktru on February 18, 2012, 10:20:51 AM
Voltage regulator (Linear) tutorial & USB gadget charger circuit

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GSzVs7_aW-Y (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GSzVs7_aW-Y)
Title: Simplified Electronics
Post by: Breaktru on February 18, 2012, 05:59:02 PM
Simple Diode Tutorial

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cyhzpFqXwdA (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cyhzpFqXwdA)
Title: Re: Simplified Electronics
Post by: Breaktru on February 18, 2012, 06:38:49 PM
Circuit simulation in LTSpice

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GmzfJa2GS7c (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GmzfJa2GS7c)
Title: Re: Simplified Electronics
Post by: Breaktru on February 18, 2012, 07:04:47 PM
Adjustable Voltage Regulator Tutorial
The regulator may not be useful but the theory is quite good and simple

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IjJWWGPjc-w (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IjJWWGPjc-w)
Title: Re: Easy Tutorials
Post by: Breaktru on February 18, 2012, 07:25:33 PM
Fun with ultracapacitors!!

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EoWMF3VkI6U (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EoWMF3VkI6U)
Title: Re: Easy Tutorials
Post by: StudentOfVaping on March 03, 2012, 04:37:49 PM
Wow, very informative dude. They're really clear and show stuff in ways i can understand. Thanks very much. You may have saved me from blowing things up though so :( :P ;)
Title: Re: Easy Tutorials
Post by: rrtwister on March 13, 2012, 04:36:54 PM
Very helpful videos, simplifies things alot.  :thankyou:
Title: Re: Easy Tutorials
Post by: SolarRay on April 04, 2012, 03:04:52 AM
Great posts!  :rockin smiley: :thumbsup: Well produced videos!
Title: Re: Easy Tutorials
Post by: elzakivis on April 07, 2012, 06:07:01 PM
Very good and basic vid's. Cool  8)
Title: Re: Easy Tutorials
Post by: Breaktru on April 27, 2012, 10:23:16 AM
Inductance Basics:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VSMGnmQApA0&hd=1 (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VSMGnmQApA0&hd=1)
Title: Re: Easy Tutorials
Post by: gknowes on May 10, 2012, 06:07:31 PM
nice voice great teacher love to see moor tutorials please :thumbsup:
Title: Re: Easy Tutorials
Post by: Breaktru on June 27, 2012, 08:08:38 AM
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rUkrpqEmXb8&feature=fvwrel (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rUkrpqEmXb8&feature=fvwrel)
Title: Re: Easy Tutorials
Post by: gknowes on June 27, 2012, 08:57:12 AM
great info. thanks :applaude:
Title: Re: Easy Tutorials
Post by: sovran on January 27, 2013, 07:17:18 AM
Good stuff. I learned alot. I hope you do more.
Title: Re: Easy Tutorials
Post by: jakerock on March 03, 2013, 04:36:50 PM
Very much appreciated!
I just increased my knowledge by 100% LOL.
Title: Re: Easy Tutorials
Post by: Pantera on July 05, 2013, 09:44:04 AM
Basic Soldering Tips:

http://youtu.be/xrVCkEoY_8M (http://youtu.be/xrVCkEoY_8M)
Title: Re: Easy Tutorials
Post by: jumper on July 05, 2013, 10:00:50 AM
Thanks Pantera, I really appreciate the help. I've been doing a lot of reading lately since I'm a miserable failure at soldering so far. I've just now read about flux and bought some yesterday. I'm going to start all over using the flux on the parts to be soldered. I knew about tinning the the solder gun, but didn't know about tinning the wire to be soldered. I know that will probably be a big help.

Breakthru has helped me so much. He's really a good guy and patient with new modders. I would personally like to thank him for all his help. He's really a good egg.

Edit: One thing I had been trying to do is put the wire to be soldered through the hole on the switch. On the video you posted, it shows not to do that and just put the solder on one side. It seems like it doesn't take much solder at all and I think that was one of my problems.
Title: Re: Easy Tutorials
Post by: Breaktru on July 10, 2013, 08:48:27 AM
How and Why to Solder Correctly

http://youtu.be/I_NU2ruzyc4 (http://youtu.be/I_NU2ruzyc4)
Title: Re: Easy Tutorials
Post by: gknowes on July 10, 2013, 09:55:37 AM
this is the best one so far ,if your learning how to solder
Title: Re: Easy Tutorials
Post by: jumper on July 10, 2013, 10:46:57 AM
Great video. I've seen it before but it's a good one. Helps you understand how and why things work when soldering.

thanks
Title: Re: Arduino MCU
Post by: Breaktru on August 11, 2013, 10:42:06 AM
See tutorials 1 to 15 : ---> HERE (http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLA567CE235D39FA84)

http://youtu.be/fCxzA9_kg6s (http://youtu.be/fCxzA9_kg6s)

My MCU mods use a AtMega328p stand alone chip.
The Uno has an AtMega328p chip on the board and plugging in a blank chip to program it and removing it for a mod is easy.

http://youtu.be/kLd_JyvKV4Y (http://youtu.be/kLd_JyvKV4Y)
Title: Re: Arduino MCU
Post by: theDom on August 11, 2013, 08:26:04 PM
See tutorials 1 to 15 : ---> HERE (http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLA567CE235D39FA84)

My MCU mods use a AtMega328p stand alone chip.
The Uno has an AtMega328p chip on the board and plugging in a blank chip to program it and removing it for a mod is easy.

Cool stuff breaktru  ;bow;
Title: Re: Easy Tutorials
Post by: Visus on October 25, 2013, 01:49:22 AM
Excellent  :applaude:
Title: Re: Easy Tutorials
Post by: mamu on December 07, 2013, 12:02:32 PM
P-FET Reverse Voltage Polarity Protection Tutorial

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IrB-FPcv1Dc
Title: Re: Easy Tutorials
Post by: Breaktru on December 07, 2013, 12:28:24 PM
Very good mamu. Thanks for sharing. That is a very useful video indeed
Title: Re: Easy Tutorials
Post by: mamu on December 07, 2013, 01:41:34 PM
YW, breaktru.  I found that tutorial when I was searching for reverse polarity protection for the DNA20D.  It led me on the right path of what to look for and why a P-FET would be the best choice.
Title: Re: Easy Tutorials
Post by: CraigHB on December 07, 2013, 09:04:06 PM
The plus side of non-removable cells, no need for reverse polarity protection.  Not a big deal to put a transistor inline, but still, one less part to deal with.  With the lower gate-source voltage of a single cell and the high currents, the loss can be a consideration.  Try those calculations in the video with 10A instead of 2A.  Though, you can find MOSFETs with much better characteristics for that application.  26 mOhms on resistance is actually a crap MOSFET.  The ones I use as main power switches have more like 4 mOhms with VGS at the voltage of a single cell.
Title: Re: Easy Tutorials
Post by: Breaktru on December 07, 2013, 09:07:14 PM
Good point Craig. Anyway I haven't built a removable battery mod in quite some time.
Title: Re: Easy Tutorials
Post by: mamu on December 08, 2013, 06:03:49 AM
Most my DNA20D mods have internal batts, so no worries there, but I needed reverse polarity protection for my DNA20D Sam mod (has single removable 26700 batt) and my DNA20D Denali mod (has dual removable 18650 batts).  I want to sell Denali, but wasn't going to unless I could figure out reverse polarity protection for the DNA20D.

I searched for a FET with Vgs of 2.7V in the linear portion of the Output Characteristics graph, as well as low RDS(on).
Vd=Vbat=3.7V (nominal)
Vs=Vd-V(FET body diode)=3.7-1.0=2.7V
Vg=0V
So, Vgs=0V-2.7V= -2.7V (nominal)

This is the FET I chose - SI4477DY (http://www.vishay.com/docs/64829/si4477dy.pdf).

When I was testing it, I remember how nervous I was the first time I flipped the batt backwards.  I doubled and triple-checked all wiring and connections.  Then decided to go for it.  LOL!

With using a FET with my mods that have removable batts, as well as a fuse in all my mods, I'm in my comfort zone with safety and protection.  I feel I've done all I can safety wise to protect people as well as the circuit.  Can't protect people from doing stupid things with my mods and batts and that does worry me, but there's nothing I can do about that.

In anticipation of working with the DNA30 with a 10A limit, I've been looking for a fuse that will provide around 10A hold current.  This is the one I'm thinking of using (will be wiring 2 in parallel): PTC RESET 6V LO RHO 1206 4.50A (http://www.digikey.com/product-detail/en/1206L450SLWR/F5787CT-ND/3661929). 


Title: Re: Easy Tutorials
Post by: CraigHB on December 08, 2013, 01:16:23 PM
That's a pretty good one, but you could do a little better.  The thing is, you can go extreme on gate charge since it's not a switch in the traditional sense.  "Gate charge" is a MOSFET characteristic that slows down the switch when used for high speed switching applications.  Since there's no switching, there's no concern there.  Going big on gate charge gets you really low on resistance.  In selecting MOSFETs for switching regulators (they have to turn on and off very fast), the big battle is gate charge versus on resistance.  You need them to be fast, but you don't want them to burn off a bunch of power with high on resistance.

You can find "logic level" MOSFETs that are fully turned on with voltages as low as 2 Volts.  The trade-off there is maximum allowable gate-source voltage.  They usually have a limit of 8V which is fine for a single battery, but would be a problem for voltage any higher than that.  I tend to use the 12V ones.  I've been able to find them with pretty low turn on voltages.  The gate terminal on MOSFETs is very delicate unless they are protected (you can find protected ones though they're not common by any means).  In that case, the higher the better on maximal gate-source voltage.  I've blown them just by touching them before.

I like the Vishay MOSFETs a lot.  They make the best ones.  Fairchild makes good ones too.  This would be my pick;

http://www.vishay.com/docs/62860/si7157dp.pdf

That one is a bit large and it's a leadless package.  Something similar can probably be found in an SOIC-8 package or maybe even something smaller.  Depends on the power requirements.  This one might be good;

http://www.vishay.com/docs/62909/si7655adn.pdf

Oh, a fuse is never a bad idea.  In some cases it's imperative.  Boosters don't have short circuit and over-current protection like buck converters.  Though the DNA20 (or 30) MCU will not allow a hazardous condition to persist.  Still, it's never a bad idea to have backup.  I'd probably pick those and run two in parallel as well.


Title: Re: Easy Tutorials
Post by: mamu on December 12, 2013, 12:07:40 PM
Thanks for the explanation regarding the gate charge, Craig.  I'm still a major n00b when it comes to MOSFETs.   :laughing:

I was curious, exactly what would you use to test how the FET is affecting resistance - how it's affecting the resistance of the circuit?

I breadboarded the Si4477DY FET and used an inline watts meter and also a separately wired voltmeter for testing with load and without load.  Absolutely no difference on load with and without the FET.  So I was wondering exactly how would you test for difference in resistance of the circuit with and without the FET?  Would it be simply a matter of hooking up an ohmeter and testing with and without load or with and without FET?

I'm not sure if I'm saying that right, but I was thinking your recommendation is primarily based on a FET with an unch lower RDS(on), right?

Your recommended FET compared to the one I'm using:
Si7157DP:
0.0020 at VGS = - 4.5 V
0.0032 at VGS = - 2.5 V

Si4477DY:
0.0062 at VGS = - 4.5 V
0.0105 at VGS = - 2.5 V

RDS(on) difference between Si7157DP and Si4477DY @ 4.5V is 4mOhm and @ 2.5V is 7mOhm.  Is this difference considered significant or bothersome for the circuit?  Was just curious.

I totally agree about protecting with a fuse.  Major major thanks to you and breaktru for leading me down that path last year!!  :beer-toast:

I have one more question, I actually bought 2 fuses to test - the one I mentioned (1206L450SLWR) and also a strap fuse with very similar specs except the strap fuse has a bit of a higher resistance (POLYSWITCH PTC RESET 4.5A STRAP (http://www.digikey.com/product-search/en?WT.z_header=search_go&lang=en&site=us&keywords=RF1542-000-ND&x=0&y=0&formaction=on).

I'm not familiar with strap type fuses, or if they are suitable for our application, so was curious there.  There's a $1.09 price difference between the two which can add up when buying in bulk.  If the strap fuse is just as suitable as the other, I might want to go with that one unless the difference in resistance is going to adversely affect the circuit.

Title: Re: Easy Tutorials
Post by: CraigHB on December 12, 2013, 05:14:59 PM
Very good questions Mamu. 

When looking at "on" resistance you have to also consider the amperage levels.  When currents are low, resistance becomes less significant.  For example, a 10 mOhm resistance at 10 Amps wastes 1 Watt and drops voltage by a tenth of a volt.  That same resistance at 1 Amp wastes only 10mW and drops only a hundredth of a Volt.  So for lower currents, a higher on resistance may be a non-issue.  If you're designing a mod for a maximal current of say 10 Amps, you want to use the lowest possible on resistance.  If designing a mod that tops out at say 3 Amps, on resistance is not as much of an issue.

The power loss consideration comes into play even for mechanical mods that don't have any electronics.  Every conductor has at least some resistance and the contacts and connections in the circuit for a mech can have a significant effect when currents are high for very low resistance atomizers.

To observe losses on the breadboard, you should take a measurement of the voltage from drain to source for the transistor under load then multiply that with measured current flow.  This will give you power loss.  You can divide voltage by amperage to calculate on resistance for the present state of the transistor.  Generally speaking, the best way to determine resistance when working with very low resistances is to do a Volts and Amps measurement then divide them.

The strap fuse is just a different package for the same thing, a PTC fuse.  It's a lot bigger in width and height than an SMD fuse, but very thin so could be fit under a battery.  You'd probably do better with a regular SMD PTC fuse, but if you can save space or reduce insertion loss with that one, might be a good way to go.


Title: Re: Easy Tutorials
Post by: mamu on December 13, 2013, 01:24:52 PM
Great explanation and answers to my questions, Craig. 

:thankyou:



Title: Re: Easy Tutorials
Post by: tj138waterboy on April 25, 2015, 07:37:10 PM
Ptc fuses
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WedSFlNCIH0